Dysfunction in Legislatures: A Challenge to Democracy

Legislatures—Parliament and State Assemblies—are the backbone of a democracy. They are meant to debate, deliberate, and pass laws that shape our nation. Yet, their effectiveness is declining, raising serious concerns about democratic accountability.

Data from PRS Legislative Research shows a troubling picture:

The 18th Lok Sabha has functioned effectively for only 29% of its scheduled time.

The Rajya Sabha managed 34%, still far below expectations.

On average, state legislatures meet for only 20 days a year, with a few exceptions like Kerala.

Important tools like Question Hour, meant to hold the government accountable, are barely utilized. Even more concerning is that critical bills are being passed without debate or review, undermining the very spirit of parliamentary democracy.

The dysfunction stems from both sides:

Government bears the primary responsibility to ensure smooth functioning, accommodate opposition, and build consensus.

Opposition, on the other hand, must focus on constructive criticism rather than disruption.

A healthy democracy demands cooperation inside the House, even if parties compete fiercely outside it. The vacant post of Deputy Speaker, traditionally held by the opposition, is one such example where inclusivity is missing.

If this trend continues, our legislatures risk losing their credibility as platforms for dialogue and accountability. Restoring balance, dialogue, and respect for parliamentary processes is crucial for the health of Indian democracy.

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